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Stały URI dla kolekcjihttp://hdl.handle.net/11652/5022
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Pozycja Spatial analysis and protection of traditional villages based on spatial syntax: A case study of Linlue Village of the Dong ethnic group in Sanjiang, Guangxi(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Zhuo Xingyu; Hu Yushan; Yang LiAfter a long period of accumulation of agricultural society, traditional villages have bred unique material space and cultural connotations. As a typical representative of traditional villages, Dong villages have unique geographical location and rich material and cultural characteristics, and their spatial protection and cultural inheritance have far-reaching significance and value. Affected by the current urbanization construction, traditional villages have suffered different degrees of destruction. As a representation of the social culture of the village, the protection of the material space greatly affects the development and inheritance of the village. In this paper, spatial syntax is used to quantitatively analyse the spatial morphology of Linlue Village from the aspects of village integration, connection value, control value, and comprehensibility, and summarize the characteristics of its spatial form and the internal spatial characteristics of village buildings. It is concluded that its spatial development lacks planning and capital intervention is excessive and it is necessary to balance the contradiction between social development and physical space through systematic planning from space to management. Through the analysis of the village space, the article provides a reasonable spatial optimization plan in order to better protect the material space of the village and better inherit the traditional culture.Pozycja The spatial resilience of the community’s commercial vitality: Comparative study on spatial renovation of Beijing Hutong district before and after(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Wu Jingfen; Sheng Qiang; Zeyang XuBased on Baidu Street View time machine and field survey data, this paper analyses the changes of community businesses before and after spatial renovation in Hutong district, which covers an area of 7 square kilometres in central Beijing from 2015 to 2020, and uses space syntax model to analyse the distribution rules and trend of changes. The results show that although the total amount of business in the community and the commercial location of each subdivision of business community have a sharp fluctuation, in essence, the location of commercial agglomeration and distribution in the community is very stable before and after renovation, and has a high correlation with the standardized Angle choice parameter of 1000m radius. In addition, after renovation, the correlation between community commercial distribution and population density, urban commercial density, public transportation convenience and other three parameters is improved, reflecting the spatial resilience brought by spatial connection behind the functional change.Pozycja Research on Quantitative Evaluation and Influencing Factors of the Vitality of Newsstand – an example of Beijing(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Wu Jingfen; Sheng Qiang; Li XinyiNewspaper kiosks used to be cultural Windows of cities, but in the data era, they face many challenges of survival and problems of future renewal. At the micro level, this study obtained the total number of transactions of 25 existing kiosks and the number of transactions of each derivative function through field research and carried out a quantitative evaluation on the vitality of kiosks based on this. The paper further analyses the explanatory power of five parameters, including population density, commercial function, topological form, geometric form and street walkability, on the vitality of the existing newsstands. At the macro level, based on Baidu Street View time machine, this study obtained the spatiotemporal differentiation data of 277 newsstands in the western part of Beijing which covers an area of about 160 square kilometres (2013–2021) and compared the difference of the above five parameters of the death and the existing newsstand space in an eight-year time span. In this way, we can reveal the reasons that affect the vitality of the newsstand for a long time. It is found that the walkability and population density are the main factors affecting the vitality of newsstands, both in the existing newsstands and the newsstands within a period of eight years. In terms of each function, the correlation between the number of transactions of newspapers and periodicals and the number of transactions of life and retail functions and the two parameters of walkability and commercial function density are different. On this basis, the paper puts forward some strategies, such as function updating and space positioning updating, in order to provide reference for the demolition, construction and urban renewal of the newsstand in the future.Pozycja Spatial Resilience of Local Places: A comparative study on Beijing’s breakfast service before and after Covid-19(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Wu Jingfen; Sheng QiangThe distribution of breakfast services under the impact of COVID-19 provides an ideal case for studying the supporting role of urban space on self-organized commerce. Based on the large-scale, multi-type and high-precision field survey of breakfast services in the central urban area of Beijing in 2019 and 2020, this paper analyzes the distribution pattern of breakfast services by using topological spatial accessibility based on spatial syntax, combined with the work-housing and commuting density data obtained by mobile signaling. Statistics showed that after the epidemic, the total amount of breakfast decreased and the distribution imbalance was further aggravated but the location of the gathering center was stable. Breakfast services on high topological accessibility streets are more likely to survive. Regression analysis showed that residential density had a greater effect than working density except for breakfast in the supermarket. Streets with high topological accessibility and close to subway stations have a stable supporting effect on the survival of breakfast services.Pozycja Spatial-temporal Changes and Driving Forces of Nanning San Jie Liang Xiang from 1947 to 2020(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Wei Hanyu; Chen Jiaxin; Wang GuoguangThe urban space remains and traditional cultures face the contradiction between development and conservation. In urban morphology study, GIS and Spatial Syntax enables quantitative analysis of morphology evolution and explorations of the driving forces through which could control the change of the urban form. This paper is about one case study of San Jie Liang Xiang, Nanning, China. Firstly, four critical periods are defined. And the morphological characteristics and structural relationships of street blocks in each period are extracted. Secondly, space syntax is used to study the morphological evolution in terms of its spatial configuration and the relationship between spatial characteristics and urban development. Third, the morphological evolution and evolution dynamics are matched to explain the law of spatial-temporal change. Finally, this paper attempts to establish spatial form element control to guide the practice, combining form type with form design. In conclusion, the driving forces affect the morphology in the development period. Following the law of morphological evolution, morphological guidance and control based on driving forces research may provide solutions for renewing sustainable historical street blocks.Pozycja Differences of breakfast Spatial Distribution in Real and Virtual Space: An empirical study in the central city of Beijing(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Wang Zhixuan; Sheng QiangThe breakfast service is an important part of local vitality which are traditionally provided by restaurants and street vendors in real space. The booming virtual economy and delivery service provide alternative type. With the outbreak of COVID-19, both the temporary lock-down of many streets and the reduction of travelling have great impact on breakfast service at the beginning of 2020. During this epidemic period, what kind of breakfast service suffers more, if the location matters, these became interesting questions. This paper presents a comparative study on the central city area of Beijing before and after the impact of Covid19. Based on two site surveys in 2019 July and 2020 September, over 3000 breakfast service are mapped in 6 categories in real space. Cell phone data of 2018 and 2020 are also used to provide other factors such as employment/residential densities and distances of commuting. Additionally, social media data of breakfast distribution from Dazhongdianping.com are collected to study how service in real and virtual space overlap. In general, it can be found that the space with dominant accessibility has stronger resilience. Breakfast services in an advantageous position are more likely to expand new opportunities through the network platform in virtual space.Pozycja Retain or Rebuild: Different Pathways of Redevelopment in Urbanising Chinese Villages(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Utzig Lukas; Vaughan Laura; Misselwitz PhilippWhile the ongoing rapid urbanisation in China transforms farmland into urban areas, old villages receive a certain level of protection from being completely rebuilt. This is due to the grassroots ownership of rural land, which is held by village collectives. The village becomes surrounded by the city, called chengzhongcun. During this intense transformation from an agricultural to a landless way of life, the village collectives redevelop their dense settlement in very different ways to create resilience and benefit from the opportunities that urbanisation brings. This research is examining four old villages in the Huangyan-Taizhou region during their redevelopment. It will be analysed how different stakeholder decisions create variations in their urban form and how this influences their economic resilience. Employing methods from the space syntax framework coupled with land use mapping and interviews, this research builds on Hillier’s concept of the movement economy. Hillier finds that urban form generates movement, which then becomes the precursor for street-based economic activities such as retail and services. This relates to Vaughan’s and Hall’s work on ethnic marketplaces which identifies informal economic networks as key social safety nets of low-income and migrant neighbourhoods. The findings suggest that villages that have seen bottom-up incremental changes and retained their organic street network generate higher movement than rebuilt villages and thus are able to shift their economies towards the service sector. Their building stock is also more adaptable to ground-floor subdivisions and retail use, while redeveloped villages often have set-back buildings with residential ground floors that cannot facilitate informal use or retail space. Since the former farmland surrounding the villages is developed into industrial land, the villages are the only possible site for restaurants, shops and other amenities, creating many opportunities for villagers. They can be however only realised with specific pathways of redevelopment.Pozycja Urban segregation of London social housing estates: Measuring access to the city and the question of regeneration(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Utzig Lukas; Karimi KayvanWhile London is currently experiencing an acute shortage in affordable housing, local authorities are selling existing council estates for private redevelopment. This practice is often explained with the notion of failure of certain buildings, such as the Robin Hood gardens estate which went on to be partly demolished in 2017. At the same time increasing evidence has been gathered, which shows that social, walkable streets and neighbourhood amenities are especially important to economically vulnerable groups as they provide the basis for local communities that act as social support networks through childcare, informal employment, or housing. However, it is often these groups that are most affected by segregation through the urban form of the neighbourhood and limited access to the wider city. Research into segregated communities by Legeby, among others, suggests that a simple regeneration of the buildings themselves does not tackle the underlying problem of social urban resource distribution. This research will investigate the relation of urban form to the potential of pedestrian activity and distribution of neighbourhood resources for four high-rise council housing estates in London. An innovative workflow combines space syntax measures with Gravity accessibility, including the access to amenities such as shops and restaurants via the street network. The findings suggest that access to the resources the city provides, including access to urban co-presence, is very unequally distributed between the four case studies. It is also shown to what degree some urban form is creating obstacles and how it can be measured and compared. Improving opportunities through urban form in the neighbourhood may be an alternative to demolition of the buildings. Quantifying these inequalities offers a more nuanced debate about social housing redevelopment and a pathway for sustainable improvement.Pozycja A study on the space composition designed by Stanisław Niemczyk in the context of evolving religiousness and spirituality(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Tomczak JoannaThe proposed paper explores whether the traditional religious space can meet the needs of individual religiousness. The primary hypothesis assumes that the appropriate sequence of urban interiors, spatial boundaries, and transition points can be conducive to religious feelings. The research concerns architectural projects of Stanisław Niemczyk which combine spatial complexity along with a common impression of the prevailing religious atmosphere. The applied graph-based method intentionally ignores the architecture of the temple and concentrates particularly on spatial aspects. At first, individual units of space are distinguished, so that connections between them can be examined. The use of geometric simplification of space makes it easier to investigate space complexity, which appears to be overlooked in both architectural and urban analyses. However, this aspect seems to be crucial in terms of space that is related to spirituality.Pozycja Morphological characteristics of the waterfront ancient fortress settlement in South-eastern Shanxi based on System Theory: Space Syntax Analyses of Fort Diji in the Qinhe River Basin, China(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Jing Wanqi; Han ChenyangWith the rapid urban expansion, morphology of the Chinese waterfront ancient fortress settlement struggles to accommodate the changing needs of contemporary life. How to balance the relationship between spatial pattern protection and settlement development is the problem that need to be addressed. Taking Fort Diji (Yangcheng County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province) as a complex system, morphological characteristics analysis was divided into three research hierarchies based on system theory: 1) the spatial relationship between system and external environment; 2) the spatial organization structures of system's internal spaces; 3) the evolution process of the system in time and space; 4) In addition, research further explored the succession pattern of morphology and undelying organization mechanisms. Two kinds of Space Syntax Analysis Models (Axial Map, Visibility Map) were utilized to each proposed quantitative analysis scenario, focusing on the value of Integration, Connection and Topological Depth. The results include: 1) Poor traffic accessibility and narrow surrounding spaces contradict with tourism development; 2) Introversion of system is difficult to meet frequent communication needs of modern life. 3) Spaces on water with high Visibility value are inaccessible to tourists. 4) System presents three evolution stages: ‘from chaos to order’, ‘from simple to complex’ and ‘from flourish to decline’. Three aspects of sustainable development suggestions were further put forward: Integrate the town road network; Renovate the surrounding environment; Comply with the law of evolution.