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Pozycja Exploration of the Renewal Strategy of Historic and Cultural District by the Mean of Sharing – an example of Shanghai Tilanqiao Area(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Xu JiaqiDue to the diversification of people's needs, the traditional restoration-based conservation strategies for historic and cultural districts can no longer meet contemporary needs. How to break through the traditional conservation strategy and activate historic and cultural districts in a people-oriented way by the mean of sharing will be the focus of the renewal strategy of historic and cultural districts. This paper takes the Tilanqiao district, one of the 12 historic and cultural districts in central Shanghai, as an example, and conducts a preliminary investigation into the renewal strategy of historic and cultural districts by the mean of sharing. Through field research and analysis based on Conzen urban morphology, this paper proposes that the main problems of the Tilanqiao district currently exist: narrow streets, low quality of businesses, lack of public space and no cultural atmosphere. Through the application of sharing architecture, the renewal strategy of historic and cultural districts is proposed in three aspects: sharing by all, sharing by transfer and group sharing, to contribute to the revitalization of the historic and cultural districts. This paper is subsidized by NSFC project which is named as , NO.51978468.Pozycja A Review on Dynamic Conservation of Ancient Cities from the Perspective of Urban Morphology(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Wei Hanyu; Wang GuoguangThe protection of ancient cities has changed from static security to dynamic protection, focusing on predicting the future based on the past and seeking a sustainable development path. Practice needs innovative guiding principles, tools and methods. The study reviewed 57 papers on the dynamic conservation of ancient cities from 2012 to 2022. This paper expounds on understanding the dynamic conservation of ancient cities through the innovation lens of urban morphology, focusing on the analysis of dynamic concepts, innovative ideas, tools, methods and specific strategies, as well as the logical relationships hidden behind the dynamics. It is worth noting that the block scale can help to establish a more evident morphological classification index, which is helpful to put forward targeted dynamic conservation guidance and suggestions. The research results will help improve the cognition of dynamic conservation of heritage, laying the foundation for establishing a systematic theoretical system of dynamic conservation of heritage. It can also provide a basis for exploring strategies to balance heritage conservation and development and offer a new perspective for the future development of urban morphology.Pozycja Urban verticalization morphologies: applying the anatomies of density theory in three Chilean metropolitan areas(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Vicuña MagdalenaThis work aims to visualize and analyze the anatomies of density proposed by Angel et al. (2021) in the context of verticalization in the metropolitan areas of Santiago, Valparaíso and Concepción between 2002 and 2021. As these authors suggest, cities obtain their density from different combinations of these seven factors. Our hypothesis is that the dynamic processes of verticalization in Chilean metropolitan areas are significantly reconfiguring the urban structure. To move towards more integrated and sustainable cities, it is necessary to understand in all its complexity the new spatial relationships and forms of density distribution derived from verticalization. We characterize verticalization with the data available on building permits between 2002 and 2021. To understand the territorial scope and intensity of verticalization, distribution maps of building permits are made, by year, in the three metropolitan areas. Based on the theory of the anatomies of density (Angel et al. 2021), we carried out a first density factorization on the metropolitan scale. Synthetic representations are made in three dimensions of density and three-time cuts: 2002, 2012 and 2020. Results focus on recent verticalization trends in AMS, AMV and AMC. The discussion addresses three main findings: From the center to peri-centralities: territorial expansion of verticalization, Densification Intensification and Diversified verticalization: anatomies of density at the metropolitan and municipal scale.Pozycja Swedish and Danish typo-morphology – The historical approaches and new conceptualizations for informing urban design(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Stojanovski Todor; Kirt Strandbygaard Sofie; Maudsley Ann; Abarkan AbdellahNeighbourhood typologies can be used to inform city planning and urban design. This paper looks at historical approaches and new conceptualizations in Sweden and Denmark to discuss implication for urban design practices. There is a long typo-morphological tradition in Sweden, however in Denmark it is seldom used as a method of analysis. This paper starts with describing three historical Swedish typo-morphological approaches. The first is historic-architectural emphasizes architectural styles. The second focuses on classifying neighbourhood types by physical attributes. The third argues that the Swedish neighbourhood typology describes not only physical form but also social structure. The Danish application of neighbourhood types is more generic and made with the purpose of comparing numeric data with urban planning tendencies. It considers three major morphological urban structures and uses them to make combinations, as most neighbourhoods are hybrids of types. This paper discusses differences between well-established Swedish neighbourhood typology versus the Danish generic typology and concludes with implication for urban design practices and designing Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs). Practicing architects and urban designers can apply morphological research and both detailed or generic local neighbourhood typologies can be very useful conceptualizations.Pozycja Evolution of urban renewal and verticalization: The case of the Santiago Metropolitan Area between 1990 and 2019(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Moreno DanielUrban renewal through verticalization in Santiago de Chile has been developed with guarantees from the State (subsidies, local deregulation or absent regulation). The main objective of this paper is to analyse the evolution of verticalization due to urban renewal processes in Santiago de Chile from 1990 to 2019. Based on the information on the building permits, a quantitative analysis is carried out of the evolution of high-rise housing construction considering three variables for the same study period: number of permits, the average number of floors and the number of apartments. The latter variable is contrasted with the existing housing stock and the quantitative housing deficit. To carry out this task, Santiago is divided into four large territories: centre, pericentre, high-income cone and peripheral. The analysis reveals a relocation of high-rise building permits, an increase and subsequent adjustment to the height and a more significant increase in the supply of high-rise housing in the pericentre. It is also observed that the production of high-rise housing has not been sufficient to end the housing deficit.Pozycja ‘How to preserve the historical essence through recognising and the effective use of historic urban structure?’ – A Case of Kalurghat Bridge at Chattogram(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Mustiafiz Al Mamun; Tasnim Tasfia; Tabassum Labonno Tasnuva; Afrooz Sharmin; Jahan IsratHistoric structures are the tangible existence of cultural heritage modernizing urban history which makes the identity of a city. More than 100 years ago, the research interest increased in conserving architectural heritage, historical monuments and buildings, and its growing intensity of recognizing heritage-site as evidence of history. Besides, global literature could not satisfy how to recognize the local heritage and preserve its historical essence. Moreover, old urban structures have significant civic value to reuse publicly, which is not evident in developing counties. For instance, developing countries like Bangladesh have not yet explicitly prepared intense strategies to consider urban historical existence and its historical values. This research finds a Kalurghat bridge as a case which was the only transportation route between the southern region of the Chattogram division and the rest of the country around the beginning of the 19th century. Remarkably, the Bridge was used for a station of the East Bengal Regiment and documented in several valuable existences during the independence of Bangladesh in 1971. This research considers mixed-method research needs to consider which are context-based and design-based research applications. The main focus is to analyze the historical existence to recognize it as a heritage site by screening historical coding and determining the future effect of using a historic urban structure through morphological analysis. The secondary data (e.g., World heritage act and Antiquities Act of 1968) are used for comparative analysis to establish the existence of heritage sites. Primary data sources are used for understanding different stakeholders' perceptions through key informant interviews and narrative questionnaires. Findings illustrate that existing historical evidence should be documented as a heritage site, suggesting establishing a heritage-based public functional space with its cultural distinctiveness, which would disclose the presence of historical pride.Pozycja Importance of medieval urban tissue in the contemporary realities of a rural commune in the Polish Subcarpathia. Cases of Dębowiec, Jaśliska and Osiek Jasielski(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Martyka Anna; Jopek DorotaThis study explores historical heritage in the contemporary development processes of small settlement units. The analyses are conducted in the context of contemporary threats, such as unfavorable demographic, spatial, and economic changes. The main aim of this work is to determine the potential of historical spatial structures in regaining previously lost identity. Another objective is to develop the design and programmatic guidelines to carry out an effective spatial policy. The research procedure consists of several stages. The first stage of the study outlines the evolution of three selected examples of historical urban structures in terms of spatial and functional features. The second stage consists of conducting urban and morphological analyses of the investigated spaces and comparing them in terms of social, economic and spatial aspects. Finally, the conclusions are formulated in the third stage. The key finding is that urban tissue, as an element of local identity, can become an essential part of the development strategy of a given town and region. Furthermore, the findings indicate a close correlation with the directions of regional development based on the assumption of creating a polycentric network of territorial units as generators of social and economic development.Pozycja Polarized Historical Preservation Trajectories: Comparative Studies of Tongli Town and Yaowan Town(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Liu Yihan; Li JianweiDue to the divergences of social-economic and cultural environments in the different regions, the existing conditions of historical towns in China emerge into two radical morphological forms, Static Town and Kinetic Town. In 2008, to avoid extreme dichotomic development situations and keep the authenticities of historical towns, the Chinese Historical Town Preservation Bureau formulated a standardized regulation, ‘Regulation on the Protection of Famous Historical and Cultural Cities, Towns and Villages’ (abbreviated 2008 Regulation – 历史文化名城名镇保护条例2008). However, this 2008 Regulation resulted in two trajectories of redeveloping historical towns: government-driven and market-driven preservation approaches, accelerating the disparity of these two morphological forms. This paper reveals the morphologies differentiations of these two outcomes through the lens of demographic migration, economic structure, natural resource and social-spatial structure by comparing two renowned historical town redevelopment projects: the role model, Tongli Historical Town, as a Static Form, located in the wealthy South of Jiangsu Province and the controversial case, Yaowan Historical Town, as a Kinetic Form, located in less developed Northern Jiangsu Province. Eventually, this article explores the reasons behind the inevitability of the polarized historical trajectories' emergence and provides a comprehensive reinterpretation of the extremes triggered by the 2008 Regulation.Pozycja Urban Design Thinking of Early Modernist Pioneers – Taking Adolf Loos and Giuseppe Terragni as Case Studies(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Lin Li; Deng HaoThe Beaux-Arts education and the acceptance of modernist ideas have made the architectural creations of early modernist pioneers present a composite character, that is, the architecture itself has a distinctly modernist style while maintaining a harmonious relationship with the city and has a readable ‘urbanity’. Taking the architectural works of architects Adolf Loos and Giuseppe Terragni as examples, this paper elaborates on this composite character in terms of urban tissue, plot, facade, and detail. It is proposed that the simple and conscious ‘urban design thinking’ of the early modernist architectural pioneers should be re-examined from the perspective of urban morphology, which leads to the consideration of how the relationship between modernist architecture and the city has moved from the initial complex synthesis to the later abstract singularity. Whether contemporary architects are critical of modernism as a whole or insistent and submissive, such discussions and reflections are undoubtedly valuable to them.Pozycja Roads, plots and building types in the implementation of urban renewal planning: A case study of Canton, China in the early 20th century(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Li Jun; Feng JiangThe subject of this paper is the changes in the urban morphology of the main roads and surrounding areas within the city walls of Canton (Guangzhou) between 1918 and 1921, as a result of the demolition of the city walls and the construction of roads of modern city under the Office of Municipal Affairs. Based on a case study approach, this paper will apply an urban spatial research methodology based on urban morphological analysis as the main method, combined with a documentary reading approach for historical research. The urban renewal programme under the Shizheng Gongsuo (Office of Municipal Affairs) was driven by the idea that improving transport would increase the auction value of government-owned land and create revenue. The location of the government-owned lands and the accessibility of the main roads in the city were the main considerations in the choice of routes for the planned roads in this urban regeneration scheme. This plan changed the urban form of modern Canton in four ways: the demolition of the city walls, the construction of roads with pavements, the construction of Qilous, and the emergence of public space as a result of the commercialisation and publicisation of government-owned land.