2018, Tom 26 Nr 2

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http://hdl.handle.net/11652/3829

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Affective Pathfinding in Video Games
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Daszuta, Marcin; Wróbel, Filip; Rynkiewicz, Filip; Szajerman, Dominik; Napieralski, Piotr
To allow player submerge in created environment of a video game, agents called Non-Player Characters (NPCs) should act believably. One of the most vital aspect, in case of NPCs is pathfinding. There are a few methods that allow change path finding algorithms to become more human-like. Yet, those are not considering many vital aspects of human decisions regarding path choosing. The main purpose of this paper is to present known approaches and show example of a new approach that wider considers psychological aspects of decision making in case of choosing a path.
Basic Mechanisms of Brownian String Analysis and Manipulation
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Bartyzel, Krzysztof
The paper presents the possibilities of using Brownian Strings as an example of Active Contour Model for linguistic description of objects in an image. Having only a notation composed of a combination of characters RULD we can calculate the statistics of the object, such as its surface area, width and height, centroid, and even image moments. The part is thoroughly discussed. The requirements for a combination of characters RULD to be called a Brownian contour are also presented and analysed carefully.
Dedicated Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Systems: A Novel Approach to DeNOx Filtration Systems
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Niewiadomski, Adam; Kacprowicz, Marcin
The paper presents some novel research on applications of Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Systems to support the Selective Catalytic Reduction process (SCR). The aim of the research is to design and test higher order fuzzy logic systems and their genuine modiﬁcations to manage data in DeNOx systems responsible for controlling emission of nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2). Since in real applications, it is still performed under the supervision of a human expert, the scope is to replace, at least partially, his/her participation with dedicated type-2 fuzzy logic systems. As the result, it is shown that the proposed systems with new means of learning fuzzy IF-THEN rules allow us to compute parameters much closer to those determined by experts, even in a comparison to some earlier approaches based on traditional fuzzy logic.
Discretisation of Thermal Diffusion Equation in Multilayer Structures with Variable Material Parameters and Different Thicknesses
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Sobieski, Wojciech; Trykozko, Anna
The paper presents details of discretisation of a thermal diffusion equation in one-dimensional space in terms of the Finite Volume Method. In the following sections, the method of space discretisation is discussed along with the approximation of a spatial derivative, matrix notation of a system of equations, special cases, approximation of three types of boundary conditions and derivative approximation over time. Much attention is also given to the issue of averaging material properties which can generally be different in adjacent cells.The study aims to analyse various multilayer structures for their suitability as heat storage. The launch of studies described in the paper has been driven by the lack of methods for effective heat storage, which is currently one of the key problems faced by the renewable energy industry.
Heterogeneous Fog Generated with the E ect of Light Scattering and Blur
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Gawron, Michał; Boryczka, Urszula
The development of computer graphics forces new requirements on the developers, which will make the virtual world more similar to the real world. One of these elements is the simulation of fog. Common fog algorithms mix the color of the scene with the color of the fog over a certain distance. However, one feature of the naturally foggy scenery is ignored. With the distance and density of the fog, the observed scenery or individual objects become more blurred. In this paper we will present our implementation of the distance fog in the Unreal Engine 4, including the effect of blurring the foggy areas, simulating of light scattering and variations in fog density using noise.
A Memory Model for Emotional Decision-Making Agent in a Game
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Rogalski, Jakub; Szajerman, Dominik
Virtual characters are an important part of many modern computer games. This paper describes a graph-based memory system designed for artiﬁcial agents that also simulate simple emotions. The system was tested using virtual simulation environment and it showed many new and desirable AI behaviours. These behaviours include simple preferences, reactions based on bot’s opinion of a stimuli or improvement of bot’s ability to ﬁnd objects to interact with.
Normalization Effects in Matching Pursuit Algorithm with Gabor Dictionaries
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Różański, Piotr T.
The matching pursuit (MP) algorithm is a greedy method for signal decomposition used in video coding, data compression, and, particularly, analysis of EEG signals in various paradigms, including P300 and ER(D)S (motor imagery). An important issue for MP implementation is a correct treatment of normalization of atoms (functions) used in computations. Failing to account for normalization-related effects may affect both the numerical stability and the reliability of the algorithm. This paper describes these normalization effects, evaluates their impact on the algorithm’s performance, and describe the proper approach together with a ready-to-use implementation, available under a General Public Licence (GPL). Several performance optimizations used as a part of this implementation are also described.
Numerical Models of Hierarchical Threshold Secret Sharing and Broadcasting with Encryption
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Kapusta, Joanna; Smarzewski, Ryszard
In the paper there are presented two new models of encrypted hierarchical secret sharing schemes based on barycentric Hermite formula. Moreover an application of the second scheme to design a novel broadcast encryption protocol is proposed. The protocol allows to send a decoding key to any user via broadcast channel and revoke some users without the necessity of updating encrypted private keys of the other users of the system. To ensure the safety of user private keys the protocol uses one-way functions that fulﬁll special conditions.
The Perspectives in Gait Recognition
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Kowalski, Piotr M.
In this paper we provide a detailed information on classical and recent research results in gait recognition. We provide classiﬁcation of leading concepts, representations, experiments and available datasets. The most promising algorithms are provided with more details and in the end we provide some predictions on future research. Paper contains also summary on methods used in a variety of papers on gait recognition published after 2002.
Pupil Detection Methods for Eye Tracking
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Rynkiewicz, Filip; Daszuta, Marcin; Napieralski, Piotr
The theory that pupillary changes can reﬂect human psychophysical character was conﬁrmed in several conducted studies. Authors of those studies have used devices called eye trackers in order to measure pupillary changes, blinking rate, eye movement patterns or even a gaze position. The main goal of those apparatuses is to locate the pupil on a given image using implemented pupil detection algorithms. In this paper the main focus will be set on several states of art pupil detection methods. All represent different approaches to performing the same tasks in diﬃcult situations for ex.: low/high condition, low image resolutions or low contrast.
Recommendations for Image Acquisition for 3D Room Scanning
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Kaczmarek, Adam; Szwoch, Mariusz; Bartoszewski, Dariusz
Proper image acquisition plays an extremely important role in 3D scanning of rooms, determining the completeness and correctness of the created model. Any mistakes made at this stage can cause a need to supplement the set of photographs or even to repeat the photo session, e.g. in case of changing the lighting conditions. This paper presents a set of recommendations minimizing the risk of making a mistake at the stage of acquiring photographs of interiors. These recommendations were based on numerous experiments carried out as part of the STERIO project which main goal is to develop a complete technology of faithful reconstruction of the real world interior sceneries in a virtual world of video games using stereophotogrammetry methods.
A Review on Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation Methods
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Lazarek, Jagoda; Pryczek, Michał
Semantic segmentation of 3D point clouds is an open research problem and remains crucial for autonomous driving, robot navigation, human-computer interaction, 3D reconstruction and many others. The large scale of the data and lack of regular data organization make it a very complex task. Research in this ﬁeld focuses on point cloud representation (e.g., 2D images, 3D voxels grid, graph) and segmentation techniques. In the paper, state-of-the-art approaches related to these tasks are presented.
The Use of Heuristic Algorithms: A Case Study of a Card Game
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Lichy, Krzysztof; Mazur, Marcin; Stolarek, Jan; Lipiński, Piotr
In this paper we introduce the results of an experiment consisting in the creation of artiﬁcial intelligence using the heuristic algorithm Monte Carlo Tree Search and evaluation of its effectiveness in the card game Thousand.
Virtual Money for Purchases in School Shops and for Educational Applications: eZloty
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Pawlak, Michał; Guziur, Jakub; Poniszewska-Marańda, Aneta; Stolarek, Jan
Recent developments in Polish legislation concerning the healthiness of products in schools shops and results of law compliance veriﬁcation resulted in a need for a way to supervise purchases in school shops. In this article, a solution for this problem is presented in a form of an online payment platform utilizing virtual currency called eZloty. The platform is based on blockchain technology which allows storing transaction history in an immutable form. As a result, eZloty payment system would enable supervision of products bought in schools, thus creating a possibility for more directed actions promoting healthy food and compliance with ministry regulations.
Virtual Reality in Investigation of Human Navigational Skills
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Nowak, Przemysław
In recent years, virtual reality has been successfully employed in numerous studies concerning human navigational skills. This mini-survey reviews several of them, presenting their methodology and main ﬁndings, as well as discusses advantages and disadvantages of various types of virtual reality systems that have been adopted. Moreover, it provides an overview of navigational behaviors and a brief characterization of the possible cognitive processes that underlie them.

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