Wet torrefaction of biomass waste into levulinic acid and high-quality hydrochar using H-beta zeolite catalyst

dc.contributor.authorKostyniuk, Andrii
dc.contributor.authorLikozar, Blaž
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationDepartment of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry. Kostyniuk, Andrii and Likozar, Blaž.en_EN
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationFaculty of Polymer Technology. Likozar, Blaž.en_EN
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationPulp and Paper Institute. Likozar, Blažen_EN
dc.contributor.authorAffiliationFaculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana. Likozar, Blaž.en_EN
dc.date.accessioned2025-02-07T13:42:03Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionAppendix A. Supplementary data: https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959652624011831-mmc1.docxen_EN
dc.description.abstractWet torrefaction (WT) is an effective pretreatment method of biomass waste for producing high-quality hydrochar and valuable liquid products. This study delves into how acid catalysts and reaction conditions in WT impact the resulting hydrochar's surface characteristics and elemental composition, as well as the distribution of liquid products. The focus is on utilizing wood cellulose pulp residue (WCPR) as the feedstock with H-Beta zeolite catalyst in a nitrogen-rich environment. The WT process involves a temperature range of 180–260 °C, and reaction durations spanning 15–60 min. The findings reveal that WT conditions, including the catalyst for WCPR, significantly influence the hydrochar's properties and liquid product distribution. With increasing temperature and reaction time, the hydrochar experiences changes, including increased carbon content and reduced oxygen content. The study identifies 260 °C and 30 min as the optimal temperature and time for levulinic acid production, achieving a remarkable selectivity of 62.8% with the H-Beta zeolite catalyst using H2O/WCPR = 10. Various properties of the resulting hydrochar are assessed, including higher heating values (HHVs), decarbonization (DC), dehydrogenation (DH), deoxygenation (DO), enhancement factor, carbon enrichment, surface area, pore diameter, weight loss as well as solid, carbon, hydrogen, and energy yields. The WT + Beta_220 sample, processed at 220 °C for 30 min, exhibited the highest HHV at 30.3 MJ/kg and carbon content at 78.9% in hydrochar compared to various biomass types, with an enhancement factor of 1.51 and carbon enrichment of 1.63, while the sequence of element removal during WT prioritized as DO > DH > DC. Furthermore, it is worth highlighting that the most significant weight loss, increasing from 17.0 to 60.7%, was observed under the same WT conditions. Lastly, a comprehensive reaction pathway is proposed to elucidate the WT of WCPR with the presence of H-Beta zeolite catalyst under these optimized conditions.en_EN
dc.description.versionReceived 14 January 2024, Revised 29 February 2024, Accepted 9 March 2024, Available online 13 March 2024, Version of Record 18 March 2024.en_EN
dc.identifier.citationAndrii Kostyniuk, Blaž Likozar, Wet torrefaction of biomass waste into levulinic acid and high-quality hydrochar using H-beta zeolite catalyst, Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 449, 2024, 141735, ISSN 0959-6526, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141735
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141735
dc.identifier.issn0959-6526
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11652/5526
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141735
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofseriesJournal of Cleaner Production 449 (2024) 141735
dc.relation.ispartofserieshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-cleaner-production
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectbiomass wasteen_EN
dc.subjectcelluloseen_EN
dc.subjecthydrocharen_EN
dc.subjectlevulinic aciden_EN
dc.subjectwet torrefactionen_EN
dc.titleWet torrefaction of biomass waste into levulinic acid and high-quality hydrochar using H-beta zeolite catalysten_EN
dc.typeArtykułpl_PL
dc.typeArticleen_EN

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Appendix A. Supplementary data. The following is the Supplementary data to this article: https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959652624011831-mmc1.docx