Flame-retardant textiles: a general overview

Abstract

The use of conventional methods such as water, foam, gas, and powder fire extinguishing capsules requires timely presence and operation at the site of the fire. In many cases, the fire occurs imperceptibly. There are lots of cases causing a fire in homes and other places, one of which is the short circuit of electrical appliances. If people are not present in such a place, a small spark can have catastrophic consequences. Fire is easily and rapidly transmitted through walls, ceilings, upholstery, floor coverings, wallpapers, curtains, or pipes throughout the house and between floors of a building. Under these conditions, slowing down the flame propagation provides enough time for the fire brigade to arrive and take further action. Therefore, preventing a fire, extinguishing it in the early stages, or slowing its progression can reduce lots of damage to life and property. The advent of flame retardants has helped to reduce the damage. The emergence of textiles has brought many benefits and functionalities to life. In return for these benefits, the possibility of their ignition is a major concern. Therefore, familiarity with textiles burning mechanisms and methods to deal with it is essential for the safety of buildings, appliances, and vehicles.