Wydawnictwa Uczelniane / TUL Press
Stały URI zbioruhttp://hdl.handle.net/11652/17
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Pozycja Retain or Rebuild: Different Pathways of Redevelopment in Urbanising Chinese Villages(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Utzig Lukas; Vaughan Laura; Misselwitz PhilippWhile the ongoing rapid urbanisation in China transforms farmland into urban areas, old villages receive a certain level of protection from being completely rebuilt. This is due to the grassroots ownership of rural land, which is held by village collectives. The village becomes surrounded by the city, called chengzhongcun. During this intense transformation from an agricultural to a landless way of life, the village collectives redevelop their dense settlement in very different ways to create resilience and benefit from the opportunities that urbanisation brings. This research is examining four old villages in the Huangyan-Taizhou region during their redevelopment. It will be analysed how different stakeholder decisions create variations in their urban form and how this influences their economic resilience. Employing methods from the space syntax framework coupled with land use mapping and interviews, this research builds on Hillier’s concept of the movement economy. Hillier finds that urban form generates movement, which then becomes the precursor for street-based economic activities such as retail and services. This relates to Vaughan’s and Hall’s work on ethnic marketplaces which identifies informal economic networks as key social safety nets of low-income and migrant neighbourhoods. The findings suggest that villages that have seen bottom-up incremental changes and retained their organic street network generate higher movement than rebuilt villages and thus are able to shift their economies towards the service sector. Their building stock is also more adaptable to ground-floor subdivisions and retail use, while redeveloped villages often have set-back buildings with residential ground floors that cannot facilitate informal use or retail space. Since the former farmland surrounding the villages is developed into industrial land, the villages are the only possible site for restaurants, shops and other amenities, creating many opportunities for villagers. They can be however only realised with specific pathways of redevelopment.Pozycja Spatial fragmentation as an opportunity for resilience building through urban acupuncture: Learning from Tehran and Bucharest(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2023) Naghibi Maryam; Forgaci Claudiu; Faizi MohsenThe rapid urbanization of metropolitan environments worldwide has led to increasing spatial fragmentation. Disconnected spaces have revealed spatial and social voids that reduce the adaptive capacity of a region. However, these spaces also offer latent potential for urban resilience. Accordingly, this study reveals how urban acupuncture promotes resilience in leftover spaces to reduce or embrace spatial fragmentation. This paper reviews spatial fragmentation and urban resilience from descriptive-analytical and normative perspectives. It proposes urban acupuncture to locate critical spatial structures and processes on a small scale. The study develops a conceptual framework around fragmentation and urban acupuncture. It investigates the assumptions behind the concepts of spatial fragmentation and proposes a dialectical framing of vacancy based on resilience and urban acupuncture, along with a reassessment of leftover space as a planning tool. The framework’s application is demonstrated in Tehran and Bucharest. As a result, spatial fragmentation significantly influences urban resilience to prevent expansion. Urban acupuncture opens the possibility of developing optimistic scenarios by considering leftover spaces and the broader opportunities they generate for urban resilience. Depending on the urban context, this strategy can be applied through a single intervention in a specific place or a network of coordinated interventions in different locations.Pozycja Development of test method for the characterization of electrically conductive yarns for integration in smart textiles(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2022) Warncke, Mareen; Böhnke, Philippa Ruth Christine; Gracova, Andrea; Nocke, Andreas; Cherif, ChokriThe Cluster of Excellence “CENTRE FOR TACTILE INTERNET WITH HUMAN-IN-THE-LOOP (CeTI)” [1] deals with developments and inventions concerning smart devices used in many fields, e.g. medicine and skill learning. For the integration or electrical interconnection of smart components, electrically conductive materials are often integrated into the clothing. To maintain the flexible, textile character of such smart textiles, polymer-based yarns with a metallized coating are mostly used for this purpose. In order to be able to use these yarns both in everyday life situations and in personal protective equipment with high safety requirements, it is necessary to specifically characterize and evaluate the long-term stability of the materials used. Knowledge of the electrical properties under the influence of temperature and moisture is particularly important for clothing worn close to the body, since the stress on the materials due to body and skin temperatures and user perspiration is particularly high here. At present, it is only partly possible to characterize the electrical stability of textile conductors under different application-related climatic conditions using standardized test methods. For this reason, this paper presents a newly developed measurement and test method that makes it possible to evaluate the electrical properties of yarns under defined temperature and humidity influences over a specified period of time. On the basis of different tests, the results of which are also discussed here, the measurement accuracy and repeatability of the method can be proven.Pozycja Influence of yarn fineness on fabric conductivity(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2022) Schwarz, Ivana; Brnada, Snježana; Kalazić, Ana; Badrov, Tea; Kašaj, AndrejaThe application of conductive fabrics is extremely wide and applies primarily to areas such as protective textiles, smart textiles, e-textiles, textile for medical applications, etc. The influence of conductive spun yarn, made from carbon and aramid fibres blend, on fabrics conductivity was investigated. Three types of fabrics, with different fineness and structures of conductive yarns in the weft direction were woven and tested. The relevant properties of the yarns were investigated, as well as the properties of the woven fabrics, which fully contribute to the fabrics conductivity properties. This was confirmed by testing the surface and vertical electrostatic resistance of the fabric, i.e. conductivity.