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Nitroaromatic enzymatic biodegradation system in Phanerochaete chrysosporium
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Madej, Rafał; Kalinowska, Halina; Sobiecka, Elżbieta
Phanerochaete chrysosporium is an ubiquitous fungus having huge potential for application in biodegradation processes. Its enzymatic system, consisting of ligninases, membrane-associated oxidases and hydrogen peroxide generating enzymes is capable of degrading a wide range of pollutants like 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 2,5-dinitrophenol, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid or azodyes produced by military or civilian industry. Synergetic action between enzymes, based on providing substrates essential for their activity and their extreme low-specificity guarantees successful degradation of recalcitrant pollutants. Nevertheless, a development of a technique, taking into the account the type of pollutant, its concentration in the environment, its metabolic pathway and maintenance of the system is required. This paper presents a literature survey related to enzymatic system of a white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium and its potential application in biodegradation processes.
Physicochemical and bilogical characterization of soils from the vicinity of the Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2012) Białkowska, Aneta; Grzelczyk, Anna; Długołęcka, Anna; Cieśliński, Hubert; Kalinowska, Halina; Kur, Józef; Turkiewicz, Marianna
Soil samples collected in 2006 from 4 different sites (Puchalski Hill and a moraine below this hill, an elephant seal colony and a penguin rookery) in the vicinity of Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station at King George Island were characterized in terms of physicochemical properties (pH, humidity, concentration of selected inorganic and organic substances), microbial colonization and the overall activity of selected enzymes (differentglycosidases and esterases). Activity of the latter enzymes was assayed by p-nitrophenyl and 4-methylumbelliferone derivatives of fatty acids (by spectrophotometric and fluorimetric method, respectively). The highest lipolytic activity was found in soils from the elephant seal colony and penguin rookery.
Plant biomass degradation supported by non-enzymatic proteins
(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2017) Madaj, Rafał; Kalinowska, Halina; Sobiecka, Elżbieta
Lignocellulosic biomass, rich in potential carbon sources and value added products, has been intensively investigated in scope of its costefficient and effective decomposition. Many methods were developed, physicochemical or biological. Nevertheless, they are either expensive, inefficient or pose threat to the environment. Recently discovered proteins, lacking any hydrolytic activity, can be a key to solve problems associated with a slow process of enzymatical, eco-friendly degradation. These proteins belong to three related groups – swollenins, expansins and loosenins. Using different molecular mechanisms, they disrupt hydrogen bonds within cellulose chains, enabling enzymes to perform hydrolysis leading to decomposition of lignocellulosic complex.
Utilisation of nitrocompounds
(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2016) Madaj, Rafał; Kalinowska, Halina; Sobiecka, Elżbieta
This paper is a review of methods of biological, chemical and physical utilisation of nitrocompounds, extremely toxic xenobiotics that are abundant in the biosphere and are recalcitrant to biodegradation. Due to their unique physicochemical properties the nature itself has significant problem with complete degradation of nitroxenobiotic substances. There are number of methods developed in order to prevent further contamination of the environment leading to defoliation, inhibition of growth of plants and has adverse health effects on animals. Their abundance, deriving mainly from military industry, poses a serious threat to biosphere and current methods of their utilisation require further optimization.