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Comparison of methods for simulation of the optical properties of VCSELs
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2017) Więckowska, Marta; Dems, Maciej; Czyszanowski, Tomasz
This paper presents the differences arising from the use of scalar (Effective Frequency Method) and vector (Fourier’s and Bessel’s Admittance Methods) calculation methods in optical analysis of arsenide Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs). Discussed results demonstrate that the vector methods are more accurate than the scalar one, but also they are more time consuming. By comparing two vector methods, it can be seen that the Bessel’s Admittance Method allows to obtain similar qualitatively and quantitatively results in a slightly shorter time. The calculations were performed for structures with varied aperture radius and its location in the resonant cavity. Moreover, this paper includes the comparison of calculation results for a structure in which there are layers with gradually changing refractive index, and the structure in which these layers are replaced by a layer with a constant average refractive index.
Subwavelength high contrast gratings as optical sensing elements
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2017) Marciniak, Magdalena; Gębski, Marcin; Dems, Maciej; Czyszanowski, Tomasz
Subwavelength high contrast gratings (HCG) can be used as high reflective mirrors and can be used as mirrors of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. HCG mirrors can be designed in such a way that they are extremely sensitive to environmental changes - changes in the refractive index of ambient substance or changes in the absorption coefficient may cause changes in mirror reflectivity. This phenomenon can be used to detect liquids and gases. In this paper we present analysis of HCG properties. We consider the various HCG mirror designs and the possibilities of detecting gases and liquids.