Biotechnology and Food Science

Stały URI zbioruhttp://hdl.handle.net/11652/3940

Biotechnology and Food Science publikuje artykuły oryginalne i przeglądowe dotyczące wszystkich aspektów biotechnologii i żywności oraz dziedzin pokrewnych.Czasopismo jest miejscem wymiany informacji w następujących dziedzinach:biotechnologia, chemia, technologia i toksykologia żywności, chemia i biotechnologia środowiska, chemia nieorganiczna, organiczna i fizyczna, biochemia, enzymologia, mikrobiologia, chemia medyczna, inżynieria chemiczna korozja mikrobiologiczna. Biotechnology and Food Science jest czasopismem ogólnie dostępnym, ukazuje się dwa razy w roku w wersji drukowanej i on-line. Pełne teksty artykułów są dostępne (www.bfs.p.lodz.pl). Wszystkie prace są recenzowane i oceniane pod względem jakości i oryginalności.

Czasopismo wydawane jest od 1955 roku, najpierw jako Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Łódzkiej. Chemia Spożywcza (1955-1979), następnie jako Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Łódzkiej. Technologia i Chemia Spożywcza (1980-1997) i Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Łódzkiej. Chemia Spożywcza i Biotechnologia (1998-2010).

ISSN 2299-6818 Częstotliwość wydawania: półrocznik (wersja drukowana i online) Wersja pierwotna: druk Język: angielski

Redaktor naczelny: Małgorzata Piotrowska tel: +48 42-631-34-70, e-mail: malgorzata.piotrowska@p.lodz.pl Adres redakcji: Wydział Biotechnologii i Nauk o Żywności Politechniki Łódzkiej Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Łódź tel.: 42-631-34-10, 42-636-28-60 fax: +48 42-636-28-60 e-mail: bfs@info.p.lodz.pl Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej Wólczańska 223, 90-924 Łódź phone/fax: +48 42 631 29 52 www.wydawnictwa.p.lodz.pl

DOI: https://doi.org/10.34658/bfs/ Punkty MNiSW 2019: 5

Indeksacja: BazTech Agro Index Copernicus - ICI Journals Master List Dziedziny: rolnictwo, biotechnologia i mikrobiologia stosowana, chemia, nauka i technologia żywności

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5-hydroxymethylfurfural content in selected gluten- and gluten-free cereal food products
(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2017) Mańkowska, Dorota; Majak, Iwona; Bartos, Adrian; Słowianek, Marta; Łącka, Agata; Leszczyńska, Joanna
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was determined with HPLC method in forty one food samples, including gluten-free, breakfast cereals and bakery products. The highest concentration of HMF was found in wheat bread with cranberries (210 mg kg-1) and in breakfast cereals – honey wheat loops (85.099 mg kg-1). In contrast, wholegrain oatmeal and gluten-free sponge cakes had the lowest HMF level of all tested samples, below the detection limit and 0.485 mg kg-1, respectively. In most cases, lack of gluten coincided with the lowest HMF content readings (average 8.488 mg kg-1). The impact of the type of sugar, especially glucose, on the HMF concentration in food is apparent. Sweetened breakfast cereals, with the average content of HMF at 25.55 mg kg-1, took lead over dietary products (8.488 mg kg-1) and bakery products (18.395 mg kg-1), with the exception for wheat bread with cranberries. These cereals contained glucose or glucose-fructose syrup.
Analysis of the selected antioxidant compounds n ice cream supplemented with Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) extract
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Szmejda, Klaudia; Duliński, Robert; Byczyński, Łukasz; Karbowski, Adrian; Florczyk, Tomasz; Żyła, Krzysztof
The research is aimed at evidencing that ice-cream formulations incorporating algae can have health-benefiting effects on human body. The main task of the project is to design ice-cream product line that distinguish itself from regular ice-cream by increased anti-oxidant activity resulted from inclusion of the algae extract. The currently known research evidences that ice-cream can be effective as carriers of health-promoting probiotic bacteria, which in turn encourages also application of other microorganisms in particular algae of specific strains (e.g. Spirulina platensis) as a supplement to ice-cream. In submitted research, the level of polyphenols and antioxidant activity expressed as degree of inhibiting generation of cationo-free radical from DPPH•+ solution were analyzed. Preliminary results based on antioxidative activity tests measured with potential to quench free radicals have shown that ice-cream formulations enriched with algae extract exhibit significantly higher potential achieving inhibition level of 39.7% in the mint ice cream samples as compared to 32.8% inhibition for the control sample without algae. Furthermore, each of the examined samples (dairy, pistachio, mint) ice creams versions supplemented with Spirulina were characterized by enhanced antioxidant activities expressed as potential to quench free radicals and the carotenoids content.
Antioxidant Potential and Phytochemical Content of Selected Fruits and Vegetables Consumed in Cyprus
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Georgiadou, Egli C; Goulas, Vlasios; Majak, Iwona; Ioannou, Antigoni; Leszczyńska, Joanna; Fotopoulos, Vasileios
Consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables can lower the risk of developing numerous chronic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease, due to the presence of multiple antioxidants. Horticultural produce consumed in Cyprus include a large variety of fruits and vegetables, most of which are common components of a Mediterranean-style diet due to the island’s localization. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant composition and activity of the edible portion of ten fruits and ten vegetables commonly consumed in Cyprus. Total phenolics, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and carotenoids contents were determined, while the in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by three assays. Antioxidant activity showed great variation, with the highest values found in green olives, capers and red chili peppers and in correlation with total phenolic content. Ascorbic acid was detected in large quantities in parsley, coriander, red guavas and red chili peppers, while red chili peppers, capers and coriander had high levels of carotenoids. Furthermore, sweet cherries, red grapes, and red apples contained significant amounts of anthocyanins. Statistical analysis revealed that phenolic compounds are the most potent antioxidants in fruit and vegetables, while total anthocyanins had a weak contribution to their antioxidant activity. The present study could be a guide for Cypriot as well as Mediterranean diet health-conscious consumers to select specific fruits and vegetables as dietary components. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study thoroughly describing the antioxidant composition and activity of a wide array of important Cypriot horticultural products.
Antioxidant potential of selected herbal plants from various cultivation systems for cosmetic purposes
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2023) Mańkowska, Dorota; Klepacz, Kacper
The aim of this study was to determine the value of the antioxidant potential of several domestic herbal plant species derived from conventional and organic crops, which, due to the content of valuable biologically active compounds with anti-inflammatory properties, can be used in the production of cosmetic preparations. The antioxidant potential of methanol extracts of the tested plants was determined using the FRAP method with ascorbic acid as a standard. The content of antioxidants in the studied plants ranged from 1.121 to 13.228 mg/g for samples from conventional crops and from 1.559 to 19.327 mg/g for samples from organic farming. Greater biological value of extracts obtained from plants grown in an organic system than in a conventional systemhas been indisputably demonstrated. The obtained research results may constitute an incentive for producers of cosmetics to choose native organic plants for the production of their products.
Antioxidant properties of Moringa oleifera and Withania somnifera extracts and their use in cosmetics for men
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2023) Jezierska, Adrianna; Sykuła, Anna
Nowadays, men are paying more and more attention to their appearance, and thus try to provide their skin with proper care so that it looks healthy and without signs of aging. In the present study, ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) and moringa oleifera (Moringa oleifera) were selected from the most popular adaptogens used in cosmetics, which are currently not commonly used in cosmetic preparations for men. The selected adaptogens were compared for their phytochemical and antioxidant properties to determine their skin care effects in cosmetics. The phytochemical content was evaluated through the determination of total phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant capacity was determined by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS{2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)} free radical scavenging tests. The total phenolic contents 1.81±0.13 and 0.14±0.02 mg GAE/g extract were found to be present in Moringa oleifera and Withania somnifera glycol-water extracts, respectively. Among the two chosen extracts, Moringa oleifera exhibited significant free radical scavenging activity, ABTS (0.964 ± 0.021 mg TE/g extract) and DPPH (0.822 ± 0.004 mg TE/g extract). It can be concluded that Moringa oleifera extract has strong antioxidant properties than Withania somnifera extract.
Application and properties of selected flavanones
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Błazińska, Paulina; Sykuła, Anna
Flavanones, secondary plant metabolites, are one of the main group of flavanoids. They are widely spread in nature in many plants. The large diversity of structural structure of flavanones and controlled methods of modifying their molecules have a huge impact on biological activity. The present review will summarize the current knowledge about occurrence, obtaining by chemical synthesis, application and bioactivity of flavanones. Also, they are received from specific chemical synthesis. Flavanones have a great biological activity. Derivatives of flavanone have many different properties such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial or hepatoprotective activities. These natural polyphenolic compounds are used in cosmetology, pharmacy and medicine. The demand and usage on them increases.
Application trial of a simple spectrophotometric method in determination of sun protection parameters of selected sunscreen cosmetics
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2023) Madanowska, Anna; Kowalska-Baron, Agnieszka
Knowledge of the sun protection factor SPF of a sunscreen product is essential for the safe use of solar radiation. In Poland and in the European Union, in vivo method is used to determine the SPF. This method is time-consuming, expensive, does not ensure repeatability, and raises ethical doubts. Therefore, instrumental methods that can replace the traditional in vivo method are sought. In this study an attempt to determine sun protection parameters, such as SPF, degree of protection against UVA and critical wavelength of selected sun protection cosmetics was made with the use of a simple spectrophotometric method based on measuring the absorbance of ethanol solutions of selected sunscreen cosmetics. The obtained results may be useful for future development of a new in vitro method for determination of sun protection parameters of sunscreen cosmetics.
Biofilms – a danger for food industry
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Plucińska, Aleksandra; Kunicka-Styczyńska, Alina
Bacterial biofilm is a complex structure of microorganisms with variable qualitative composition depending on the raw materials used, parameters of the production process and localization in hardly accessible places for antimicrobial agents. At the same time, the life of bacteria in the biofilm structure increases the resistance of pathogens and the probability of their survival in adverse conditions. However, the effectiveness of biofilm removal is still not satisfactory, despite the constant improvement of the cleaning and disinfection procedures of industrial surfaces. The methods of biofilm eradication used so far can be divided into three groups (physical, biological, chemical). Numerous in vitro studies indicate that alternatives to commonly used disinfectants may be natural substances such as essential oils that have bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity. The present review will focus on describing biofilm formation and performance. In addition, the paper describes an overview of the methods used to prevent and eradicate biofilms.
Bufadienolides - natural, biologically active compounds for medicines and cosmetics. A review.
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2023) Szymczak, Kamil; Bonikowski, Radosław
Toad skin secretions are a rich source of various biologically active compounds, such as alkaloids, bufadienolides, biogenic amines, or peptides. Also plants from Hyacinthaceae and Crassulaceae can be a potent source of these groups of molecules. These compounds play a crucial role in amphibians’ and plants’ physiology such as defense against predators or pathogenic microorganisms. Among them, bufadienolides are the focus of many researches in recent years. These molecules have a very interesting, steroidal chemical structure and have potent activity at the cellular level. They possess cardiotonic, antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, bacteriostatic, wound-healing, and antiparasitic properties. Although the structures of about 500 bufadienolides are known, it is strongly suggested that this group of compounds is still very poorly examined. Moreover, bufadienolides may be an excellent basis for the chemical synthesis of new drugs with selective bioactivity. The aim of this paper is to briefly overview bufadienolides as potent compounds for medicines and cosmetics.
Cell walls polysaccharides of rose hips
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2019) Balcerzak, Bogumił; Milala, Joanna; Kosmala, Monika; Matysiak, Bożena; Klewicka, Elżbieta
The content of alcohol insoluble solids (AIS ), polysaccharide composition of cell walls and uronic acids content calculated as galacturonic acid in rose hips (Rosa villosa (Rosa pomifera Herrm) ‘Karpatia', Rosa canina L., Rosa rugosa Thunb.). Rose hips were extracted by means of pectin sequential extraction. Rose achenes cont ained more alcohol insoluble solids than flesh. The main saccharide building cell walls of rose fruit was glucose from cellulose. The achenes were rich in xylose and the flesh was rich in arabinose. The content of galacturonic acid in flesh w as 2 to 3 times higher than in the case o f achenes. The largest polysaccharide fraction both in whole fruit and achenes was Concentrated Alkali-Soluble Polysaccharides fraction, while in flesh it was Water Soluble Pectins fraction. Chelating Agent Soluble Pectins fraction was the smallest in the flesh, achenes and the whole hypanthium. Differences in the polysaccharide composition, the content of AIS and galacturonic acid were found, depending on the species of rose hips. In addition, differences in composition were found in the case of wild growing and controlled cultivation hips. Rose hips achenes contain more total dietary fiber than the flesh, but the flesh contains more pectin fraction (soluble dietary fiber) while the achenes contain more cellulose (insoluble dietary fiber).
Changes in the fluorescence excitation and emissions spectra of heated and frying rapeseed oil and sunflower oil
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2019) Szukay, Beata; Stachura, Wojciech; Saletnik, Łukasz; Budzyński, Jacek; Szymańska, Justyna; Fisz, Jacek
Frying is a popular method of cooking (meals preparation). Heating and deep-fat frying cause a series of chemical reactions, such as oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E, as well as formation of trans isomers and products of peroxidation. These chemical reactions cause organoleptic and nutritional changes in the product, which may have a negative effect on health. For this reason, the usefulness of many methods for evaluation of refined oils quality is investigated. The fluorescence spectroscopy is increasingly used for this purpose. The aim of the study was to monitor the changes in emission and excitation spectra of refined rapeseed oil and sunflower oil after processes of heating and frying frozen French fries. The obtained results show the differences between the shapes of fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of both oils due to the two processes and these changes depend on duration of both processes. This study indicates that fluorescence spectroscopy is a promising method for evaluation of changes in oils during heating or frying.
Characteristics and biological properties of ferulic acid
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2019) Dędek, Kamil; Rosicka-Kaczmarek, Justyna; Nebesny, Ewa; Kowalska, Gabriela
The interest in the properties of hydroxycinnamic acids with health-promoting properties is constantly increasing. That is why more and more research is being conducted to better understand these properties. Ferulic acid, FA (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) is a derivative of hydroxycinnamic acid found in the plant tissue. It is possible to find him among others in bran cereal, popcorn bamboo shoots, and coffee. According to available literature data ferulic acid has a lot of biological properties, particularly appreciated in medicine. Its bioactive properties effectively contribute to the fight against diseases described as a civilization, including neurodegenerative diseases that increase the incidence. As reported the World Alzheimer Report, the number of people with dementia progression in 2016 exceeded 47.5 million, of which 33.5 million were diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. According to the WHO estimates, this number will triple by 2050. The manuscript presents health-promoting properties of FA on the example of its antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, neuroprotective, antineoplastic and antibacterial properties. In addition, the reaction of its synthesis in plants and in-vivo metabolization have been explained. The collected data suggest that bioactive FA molecules can effectively reduce the risk of civilization diseases and significantly reduce the level of oxidative stress contributing to the formation of neurodegenerative diseases.
A comparative analysis of European and British cosmetic products legislation
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2023) Kramarczuk, Patrycja; Gałęcki, Krystian
Due to the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union (EU), cosmetic products made available in this country are no longer subject to European legislation, but to British cosmetics law. The exit process (Brexit) was a rather chaotic event with not fully known consequences. The legal changes brought about by Brexit are difficult to understand for many cosmetic companies. Therefore, the aim of this work was to compare and demonstrate the legal differences between European and British cosmetic law, resulting from the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU. The main differences concern the issues related to the responsible person, notification, documentation and labelling of the cosmetic product.
A comparison of two enzymatic methods of clinical dextran production
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2017) Sikora, Barbara; Kubik, Celina; Bielecki, Stanisław
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare of the two enzymatic methods of clinical dextran production were compared. The reactions were performed at 30°C and pH 5.4 in solutions containing different amounts of sucrose, using dextransucrase (DS, in the presence of dextranase (D) (method 1) or acceptor dextrans (method 2). The activity of Leuconostoc mesenteroides L dextransucrase (DS), which converts sucrose to dextran, was 0.4 U ml-1 in both the methods. As much as 53-56% of clinical dextran fractions were obtained for 28 h from 10% sucrose solutions, which contained 1.5% or 2.5% acceptor dextrans with molecular mass of 10 and 15 kDa, respectively. Approximately 50% of these fractions was obtained (also in 28 h) from 10% sucrose solutions by using 0.004 U ml-1 of DN, added to reaction mixtures 5 h later than Our experiments indicate that the clinical dextran can be efficiently produced by using both the compared methods, which employ either acceptor dextrans with definite molecular mass, or the dextranase. Because consumption of the latter enzyme is rather small, and it is easily available, thus this method should be attractive for clinical dextran manufacturers.
Composition of leaf and flower essential oil of Myrica gale L.
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2019) Wawrzyńczak, Karolina; Jakiel, Alicja; Kalemba, Danuta
Myrica gale L. leaves were collected from two plantations in Poland and flowers from one plantation. Essential oil yield and composition were assessed according to plantation site and leaf development stage. Main components of essential oils were: 1,8-cineole, α-pinene, limonene, selina-3(7)-diene, and (E)-nerolidol. It is proven that senescent leaves are valuable source of essential oil.
The determination of potentially allergenicity of selected herbs
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2019) Aninowski, Mateusz; Leszczyńska, Joanna
The aim of the research was to compare the content of allergens in herbs from the Lamiaceae (basil, oregano) and Apiaceae (cumin, fennel, parsley, anise, coriander) family. Herbal plants from conventional and organic crops were subjected to research. In the extracts of herbs, the content of protein as well as the content of Bet v I analogs and profilin were determined using the immunoenzymatic indirect method.Protein content in conventional crops determined by the Bradford method ranges between 160-204 mg/g, and Pierce determined between 105-394 mg/g. In samples of organic herbs the results are as follows: Bradford method 149-196 mg/g, and Pierce method 109-333 mg/g. In the case of plants grown using conventional methods, the content of Bet v I analogues, based on a commercial test, ranged from 0.5 to 1.15 μg/g in method I, whereas in the method developed by us from 0.22 to 0.68 μg/g. In herbs from organic farming, the range of results according to the commercial test is 0.86-1.54 mg/g, and use by the test we developed 0.5-0.63 mg/g. The results of profilin content were as follows: in samples grown with conventional methods, they ranged from 1.00 to 18.13 ng/g, while organics - from 3.27 to 12.62 ng/g. The calculated p-value is less than the assumed α = 0.05, – this result is statistically significant.The correlation between the results of the method I and II in both crops is strongly statistically significant.
Development of a recipe and production method for enzymatic hand peeling
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2023) Smolińska, Beata; Wyżykowska, Monika; Rożniakowski, Kamil Krzysztof
The study focused to develop an enzyme hand peeling. The first stage of the investigation dependent on selecting the qualities that the cosmetic should have. When creating the product, the assumption was made that it would have an exfoliating, moisturizing, firming and even-toning effect. The peeling was developed in several stages starting with the consideration of the cosmetic formulation, the selection of suitable raw materials and the execution of the formulation according to the adopted method. For the preparation of the peeling, the emollients used were so-called oily emollients, including sweet almond oil, Shea butter, coconut oil, oil/water (O/W) emulsifier, stabilizers, moisturisers, rheology modifier, filler, active substances, preservative and solvent. The peeling was prepared on the principle of O/W emulsion. The formulation was made using the classic "hot" method. More than a dozen trials were performed to obtain a product with the desired properties. Subsequently, the peeling was subjected to sensory and hedonistic analysis. Its density, viscosity and stability were evaluated. The formulation was also tested for pH. The final scrub was characterized by an intense but pleasant fragrance, very easy spreading on the skin, light texture, pleasant sensation after use. Hedonistic research has shown that obtained enzyme peeling was fully acceptable in terms of application, color, consistency and feelings after use. The final cosmetic product was also characterised by poor moisturisation and too strong abrasiveness.
The DFT study on the electronic structure of boronic acid derivatives and its esters with fructose
(Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2018) Kur, Katarzyna; Kowalska-Baron, Agnieszka; Miller, Ewa
Theoretical investigations are carried out to examine the geometrical structure and parameters of electron transitions to the lowest excited states of two boronic acid derivatives: 3-aminophenylboronic acid and 3-(acetamidomethyl)phenyl boronic acid and its cycling esters with fructose, using the DFT based 6-31 G(d,p) method. The most stable ester isomer of each acid has been selected. Predicted excitation wavelength are shorter (less than 0.5 eV) than experimental ones, what is in a good agreement considering limitations of the DFT method. In case of almost every calculated molecule the analysis of electronic transitions shows that transition S0→S1 involves electron transfer mainly from the HOMO to LUMO orbital.
The efficiency of macrophytes for heavy metals removal from water
(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2017) Materac, Milena; Sobiecka, Elżbieta
Nowadays heavy metals pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems. Advances in science and technology are leading to the degradation and contamination of aquatic environments. Pollution in aquatic ecosystems poses a serious threat to aquatic biodiversity and serves health hazards in humans. The traditional methods of the environment cleaning in practice are expensive and non-eco friendly can lead to the secondary pollution. It is a reason why the aquatic plants (macrophytes) as the biological remediation methods have been used. Macrophytes play an important role in the biological methods of the water remediation because they have capability to improve the quality of water by absorbing heavy metals with their leaves and effective root systems. This review discusses the potential of different aquatic plants (macrophytes) in purifying water and wastewater.
Extremophilic and modified aminotransferases as a versatile tool for the synthesis of optically pure building blocks for pharmaceutical industry
(Lodz University of Technology Press, 2017) Szmejda, Klaudia; Florczak, Tomasz; Jodłowska, Iga; Turkiewicz, Marianna
Considerable progress has been made in the past few years with industrial use of essential key intermediates for chemical and pharmaceutical industry. The increasing demand for obtaining chiral drugs in enantiomerically pure form makes it necessary to search for novel biocatalysts useful in the synthesis of amino acids, chiral amines, amino sugars and alcohols. According to the reaction mechanism, aminotransferases (ATs) have useful applications because of their capability of transfer of an amino group from a donor substrate to an acceptor, thus resulting in the synthesis of a wide variety of building blocks. This article reviews current biocatalytic approaches using microbial ATs in the synthesis of optically active products. Focus is also put on the engineering of ATs and their limitations in the industrial applications. Moreover this review covers biocatalytic approaches using ATs isolated from extreme environments.