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  • Item type:Pozycja,
  • Item type:Pozycja,
    Życie Uczelni : biuletyn informacyjny Politechniki Łódzkiej nr 172 (2025)
    (Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2025) Politechnika Łódzka; Lodz University of Technology; Chojnacka, Ewa
  • Item type:Pozycja,
    Valorisation potential of black tea processing wastes for bioactive compounds recovery and renewable energy production
    (Elsevier, 2025) Ünyay, Hilal; Altay, Hatice Özmen; Perendeci, N. Altınay; Szufa, Szymon; Özdemir, Feramuz; Angelidaki, İrini; Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering. Lodz University of Technology. Ünyay, Hilal and Szufa, Szymon.; Akdeniz University, Engineering Faculty. Food Engineering Department. Altay, Hatice Özmen.; Akdeniz University, Engineering Faculty. Environmental Engineering Department. Perendeci, N. Altınay and Ünyay, Hilal.; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark. Perendeci, N. Altınay and Angelidaki, İrini.; Akdeniz University, Engineering Faculty. Food Engineering Department. Özdemir, Feramuz.; torrefaction
    Tea processing wastes, rich in carbohydrates—primarily cellulose and hemicellulose—and bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and caffeine, represent a valuable biomass resource that can be utilised for antioxidant extraction and energy recovery. Tea factories are assumed to produce uniform waste due to blending and accumulating residues in shared storage; however, four distinct waste types arise at different processing stages, each showcasing unique traits. Waste samples were taken directly from two different factories that produce black tea with Çaykur (nonpressed orthodox + rotorvane + pressed orthodox) and Rotorvane + CTC production methods belonging to the Turkish Tea Board, Türkiye, within three shooting periods and four black tea processing stages. Tea processing waste samples were evaluated from the point of resource recovery as bioactive compounds and energy production. Significant variations were found in total phenolic content (4.75–8.65 gGAE/100 gDM), gallic acid (0.47–0.61 %), and caffeine (1.33–2.54 %) levels among the tea wastes examined. Tea processing waste from the Çaykur method exhibited higher caffeine content. Methane production from anaerobic digestion ranged from 97.3 to 203.9 mLCH4/gVS. Under torrefaction at 285°C, the higher heating value (HHV) demonstrated a remarkable 43.9 % increase, reaching a peak HHV of 24.36 MJ/kg. Torrefaction yielded impressive energy yields of 82.3 % and 92.1 %. These findings underscore the efficacy of torrefaction at this temperature in boosting the energy content of the biomass while maintaining high energy yield percentages. This study presents the first integrative and multidimensional framework for tea waste valorisation, offering comprehensive insights into its dual-purpose utilisation by concurrently assessing bioactive compounds such as total phenolic content, polyphenolic profile, and caffeine concentration and energy potential through biogas and biochar production across different tea manufacturing techniques, waste stream types, and shooting period.
  • Item type:Pozycja,
    Dry torrefaction of biomass waste into high-energy biochar and selective formation of levoglucosenone and 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-α-D-glucopyranose
    (Elsevier, 2025) Kostyniuk, Andrii; Likozar, Blaž; Department of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry. Kostyniuk, Andrii and Likozar, Blaž.
    For the first time, the non-catalytic formation of value-added liquid products, such as levoglucosenone (LGO) and 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-α-D-glucopyranose (DGP) from wood cellulose pulp residue (WCPR) has been achieved using dry torrefaction (DT) under solvent-free conditions and in a nitrogen atmosphere. This study systematically examined the influence of reaction conditions on the DT process, evaluating their effects on the surface morphology and elemental composition of the resulting biochar. This process encompassed a temperature range of 210–300 °C and reaction durations spanning from 15 to 60 min. Optimal conditions for liquid product selectivity were identified, achieving 67.7 % selectivity for LGO at 270 °C after 15 min and 32.6 % selectivity for DGP at 240 °C after 30 min. The highest yields were obtained at 300 °C after 60 min, reaching 10.5 % for LGO and 8.5 % for DGP. Various properties of the obtained biochar were thoroughly assessed, including the higher heating value (HHV), decarbonization, dehydrogenation, deoxygenation, enhancement factor, surface area, pore diameter, as well as solid, carbon, hydrogen, and energy yields. The highest carbon content, reaching 65.3 %, was achieved at 300 °C after 60 min of treatment, resulting in an HHV of 25.6 MJ/kg and an enhancement factor of 1.33. Finally, a comprehensive reaction pathway for the conversion of cellulose into LGO and DGP was proposed to elucidate the DT mechanism of WCPR. The results suggest that the autocatalytic nature of WCPR facilitates the selective formation of LGO and DGP through thermally induced dehydration and molecular rearrangement reactions, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of biomass valorization.
  • Item type:Pozycja,
    Inspirowane bioniką sufity rastrowe- analiza eksperymentalna
    (Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej, 2025) Sadok, Wiktoria; Kubacka, Ewelina
    Analizę eksperymentalną płyt sufitów rastrowych inspirowanych bioniką Studenckie Koło Naukowe „Momencik” przeprowadziło w ramach projektu finansowanego ze środków budżetu państwa, przyznanych przez Ministra Edukacji i Nauki w ramach programu „Studenckie Koła Naukowe Tworzą Innowacje” (numer rejestracyjny wniosku: SKN/SP/569317/2023), pod tytułem „Inspirowane bioniką sufity rastrowe – projektowanie, analiza numeryczna i eksperymentalna z uwzględnieniem własności dynamicznych oraz cyrkulacji powietrza”. W ramach projektu przeprowadzono analizę numeryczną i eksperymentalną zarówno samodzielnie zaprojektowanych i wykonanych płyt, jak i gotowych płyt z ogólnodostępnych materiałów.